Operating instructions
Steam oven
DG 1050
To avoid the risk of accidents or
damage to the appliance it is
essential to read these
GHirZ
instructions before it is installed
and used for the first time.
M.-Nr. 06 643 810
Contents
Cleaning and care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
General notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Appliance front and housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Oven interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Condensate tray, rack and cooking containers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Water container . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Coupling seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Descaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Problem solving guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
After sales service, data plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Electrical connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3
Description of the appliance
Front view
aDisplay
hContact point
with symbols for:
iSide runners
p
Insufficient water
Descale
k
jSteam inlet
°C Temperature
Duration
kFloor heater
h
lTemperature sensor
mOutlet for air from oven interior
nDrip channel in the door
oDoor release
bFunction selector
cVentilation outlet
dDoor seal
eSteam channel
fCompartment for water container
gWater container (with insert)
4
Description of the appliance
Accessories supplied
Additional accessories can be ordered at extra cost. See "Optional accessories".
Condensate tray
(gross capacity 2.0 litres/
usable capacity 1.7 litres)
2 cooking containers DGGL 1,
perforated
(gross capacity 1.5 litres /
usable capacity 0.9 litres)
To catch excess moisture
Gastronorm size GN 1/2
325x265x40 mm (WxDxH)
For steaming
Gastronorm size GN 1/3
325x175x40 mm (WxDxH)
Rack
Miele steam oven cookbook
For placing cooking containers on
A selection of the best recipes from the
Miele test kitchen.
Silicone grease
For lubricating the coupling seal
Please read the relevant instructions in
"Cleaning and care".
5
Description of the appliance
Optional accessories
Stainless steel containers
Description
Use
Gross /
usable
Height
in mm
Width x
Depth
capacity in
litres
in mm
DGG 2
solid
For dishes in sauces and for
cooking dried foods like pasta
2.5 / 2.0
4.0 / 3.1
4.0 / 3.1
65
65
65
325 x 175
325 x 265
325 x 265
(GN 1/3)* and rice in liquid
DGG 3
solid
(GN 1/2)
as DGG 2,
but deeper
DGGL 4
For steaming vegetables, fish
perforated and meat which is not being
cooked in a sauce
(GN 1/2)
DGGL 5
For cooking vegetables, fish,
perforated meat and potatoes
(GN 1/3)
2. 5 / 2.0
4.0 / 2.8
4.0 / 2.8
65
325 x 175
325 x 175
325 x 175
DGGL 6
For blanching or cooking
perforated vegetables
(GN 1/3)
100
100
DGG 7
solid
(GN 1/3)
For cooking a medium sized
quantity of soup or a medium
sized casserole
DGGL 8
as DGG 4,
perforated but shallower
(GN 1/2)
2.0 / 1.7
-
40
-
325 x 265
-
DGD
Lid for solid cooking containers
DGG 2 and DGG 7
* Gastro-Norm sizes (Example GN 1/3)
1/3 or 1/2 is the width and depth of the cooking containers given as shown below.
6
Description of the appliance
Other accessories
Description
Use
Miele descaling tablets For descaling Miele steam ovens and
(6 tablets)
coffee machines
Stainless steel
conditioning agent
250 ml
To help prevent re-soiling, water marks
and finger prints on stainless steel
surfaces.
Miele ceramic hob
cleaner
For removing discolouration on the floor
heater caused by drops of liquid
250 ml
Microfibre "E-Cloth"
(Miele UK only)
For cleaning surfaces such as stainless
steel, glass, plastic and chrome without
the use of chemicals
Miele accessories are available from
- your Miele dealer or
- the Miele Spare Parts Department (see back cover for contact details)
7
Warning and Safety instructions
The electrical safety of this
To avoid the risk of accidents and
appliance can only be guaranteed
when continuity is complete between it
and an effective earthing system which
complies with current local and national
safety regulations. It is most important
that this basic safety requirement is
present and regularly tested, and where
there is any doubt, the household
wiring system should be inspected by a
qualified electrician. The manufacturer
cannot be held liable for the
damage to the appliance, please
read these instructions carefully
before using it for the first time. They
contain important notes on its
installation, safety, use and
maintenance. This appliance is not
intended for use by persons
(including children) with reduced
physical, sensory or metal
capabilities, or lack of experience or
knowledge, unless they have been
given supervision or instruction
concerning the use of the appliance
by a person responsible for their
safety.
consequences of an inadequate
earthing system (e.g. electric shock).
Do not connect the appliance to
the mains electricity supply by an
extension lead. Extension leads do not
guarantee the required safety of the
appliance (e.g. danger of overheating).
Please stick the extra data plate for
your appliance supplied with this
documentation in the space
provided in the "After sales service"
section of this booklet.
Never open the casing of the
appliance.
Tampering with electrical connections
or components is highly dangerous to
the user and can cause operational
faults.
Keep these instructions in a safe
place for reference, and pass them
on to any future user.
Do not use the appliance if the
cable is damaged in any way. If the
connection cable is faulty it must only
be replaced by a Miele approved ser-
vice technician to protect the user from
danger.
Technical safety
Before connecting the appliance to
the mains supply make sure that
the connection data on the data plate
(voltage and connected load) match
the mains electricity supply. This data
must correspond in order to avoid risk
of damage to the appliance. Consult a
qualified electrician if in any doubt.
8
Warning and Safety instructions
Correct use
Leave the door open until the
cooking compartment is
completely dry.
This appliance is intended for
domestic use only and is not to be
used for commercial purposes.
If the appliance is not going to be
used for a longer period of time,
e.g. whilst on holiday, it should be
thoroughly cleaned beforehand to
prevent the build-up of odours etc.
Refer to "Cleaning and heating up for
the first time" and carry out the
procedure as described. Leave the
door open afterwards.
This appliance must only be used
as described in these instructions.
Any other usage is at the owner's risk
and could be dangerous. The
manufacturer cannot be held liable for
damage resulting from incorrect or
improper use or operation.
Do not immerse the water
container in water, or clean it in a
dishwasher. Connecting the water
container into the appliance when wet
could cause an electric shock.
For reasons of hygiene and to
prevent the build-up of moisture in
the appliance, the water container
should be emptied after each use.
The drip channel should be wiped
dry with a soft cloth after each use.
9
Warning and Safety instructions
Safety with children
Protecting the appliance from
damage
To safeguard against burning,
keep children well away from the
appliance at all times. This is
particularly important when the
appliance is in operation as children
might attempt to open the door.
Do not use the appliance to heat
up food in sealed jars and tins.
Pressure will build up inside them and
they can explode causing damage to
the appliance, as well as the risk of
injury and scalding.
The appliance is only intended for
use by adults who have read these
instructions. It is not a toy! To avoid the
risk of injury, keep children well away,
and do not allow them to play with it or
use the controls. They will not
understand the potential dangers
posed by it. They should be supervised
whenever you are working in the
kitchen.
Do not store cooked food in the
oven. The moisture in the food can
lead to corrosion in the appliance.
Do not use metallic containers or
utensils in the oven which are likely
to rust. This can cause corrosion.
Use the descaling tablets supplied
with the appliance (see "Optional
accessories" for reordering details) or a
proprietary citric acid based descaling
agent to descale the appliance. Follow
the manufacturer's instructions on the
packaging.
Warning: Take care in the area
around the door hinges. Danger of
injury. Keep children well away.
Do not allow children to swing on
the open oven door.
Do not use a steam cleaner to
clean this appliance. The steam
could reach electrical components and
cause a short circuit. Pressurised
steam could also cause permanent
damage to the surface and to other
components, for which the
Packaging, e.g. cling film,
polystyrene and plastic wrappings,
must be kept out of the reach of babies
and young children. Danger of
suffocation. Dispose of or recycle all
packaging safely as soon as possible.
manufacturer cannot accept liability.
Before discarding an old
appliance, switch off and
The appliance is designed in such
a way that there will always be a
little residual water left in the water
container after use. If there is no
residual water, there is something
wrong. Call the Service Department.
disconnect it from the power supply.
Cut off and render any plug useless.
Cut off the cable directly behind the
appliance to prevent misuse. This
should be done by a competent
person. Ensure the appliance prevents
no danger to children while being
stored for disposal. See "Disposal of
your old appliance" for further details.
10
Warning and Safety instructions
Protection from burning and
scalding
When putting cooking containers
or the condensate tray into the
oven or taking them out, take care not
The appliance must be positioned
so that you can see the contents of
a cooking container placed on the top
runner. Otherwise you may risk scalding
or burning yourself with hot water and
food when taking containers out of the
oven.
to spill the contents. Avoid contact with
hot steam, and do not touch the hot
oven interior walls. Danger of burning
and scalding.
Take care not to tip the water
container when taking it out of the
appliance. Hot water can scald.
The appliance, especially the
inside of the door and the area
around the ventilation outlet, becomes
extremely hot during use, and remains
hot for some time after switching off.
If the oven is still hot, steam will
escape when the door is opened.
Stand back away from the appliance
and wait until the steam has dissipated.
Take care when opening the door
not to spill any hot water that has
collected in the drip channel.
For added protection, it is
advisable to use heat-resistant pot
holders or gloves when using the
appliance. Do not let them get damp or
wet, as this causes heat to transfer
through the material more quickly with
the risk of scalding or burning yourself.
11
Warning and Safety instructions
Appliance faults
Futher safety notes
In there is any damage to the
appliance, it must be switched off
and disconnected from the mains
When using an electric socket near
the appliance, care should be
taken that the cable of the appliance
supply immediately. It must not be used cannot get trapped by the appliance
again until it has been repaired. Switch door. The insulation on the cable could
off at the socket and withdraw the plug. become damaged, giving rise to an
Contact the Miele Service Department.
Do not reconnect the appliance to the
mains electricity supply until after it has
been repaired.
electric shock hazard.
Always ensure that food is
sufficiently cooked or reheated.
Some foods, e.g. poultry, may contain
micro-organisms which are only
destroyed by thorough cooking at a
sufficiently high temperature for long
Repairs should only be carried out
by a suitably qualified and trained
person in accordance with local and
national safety regulations. Repairs and enough. If in doubt, select a longer
other work by unqualified persons
could be very dangerous and could
damage the appliance. The
manufacturer cannot be held liable for
unauthorised work. Never open the
housing of the appliance.
cooking or reheating time.
When the door is open be careful
not to hurt yourself on edges and
corners, and especially on the door
catches.
If using plastic cooking containers,
make sure that they are heat- and
steam-resistant to 100 °C. Otherwise
they may melt, distort or break.
While the appliance is under
guarantee, repairs should only be
undertaken by a service technician
authorised by the manufacturer.
Otherwise the guarantee is invalidated.
In countries where there are areas
which may be subject to infestation
by cockroaches or other vermin, pay
particular attention to keeping the
appliance and its surroundings in a
clean condition at all times. Any
damage caused by cockroaches or
other vermin will not be covered by the
guarantee.
The manufacturer cannot be held
liable for damage caused by
non-compliance with these Warning
and Safety instructions.
12
Caring for the environment
Disposal of the packing
material
Disposal of your old appliance
Electrical and electronic appliances
often contain materials which, if
handled or disposed of incorrectly,
could be potentially hazardous to
human health and to the environment.
They are, however, essential for the
correct functioning of your appliance.
Please do not therefore dispose of your
old appliance with your household
waste.
The transport and protective packing
has been selected from materials which
are environmentally friendly for disposal
and can normally be recycled.
Packaging, e.g. cling film, polystyrene
and plastic wrappings, must be kept
out of the reach of babies and young
children. Danger of suffocation.
Dispose of or recycle all packaging
materials safely as soon as possible.
Please dispose of it at your local
community waste collection / recycling
centre and ensure that it presents no
danger to children while being stored
for disposal.
It should be unplugged or
disconnected from the mains electricity
supply by a competent person. If
connected by a plug, the plug must be
rendered useless and the cable cut off
directly behind the appliance to prevent
misuse.
13
Before using for the first time
Setting the water hardness
^ Press the function selector in and
turn it anti-clockwise slightly.
The steam oven is set at the factory to
water hardness setting IV (Very hard 4). ^ Then release the function selector.
If your water hardness level differs from "P 1" will appear in the display.
this, you will need to re-programme the
appliance.
You can use the test strip supplied to
check the water hardness level, or your
local water supplier will be able to
advise you on the water hardness of
^ Turn the function selector until "P 3"
appears in the display.
your area.
The water hardness is shown as
settings I to IV equivalent to the
German scale 1 to >21 °dH (0.2 >3.8
mmol/l).
Hardness
level
Display Hardness
range
^ Confirm your selection by pressing
the function selector.
I (soft)
II (medium)
III (hard)
1
2
3
4
1-7 °dH
(0.2-1.3
mmol/l)
A "4" and the k symbol will appear in
the display.
8-14 °dH
(1.4-2.5
mmol/l)
15-21 °dH
(2.7-3.8
mmol/l)
^ Turn the function selector until the
water hardness level you want
appears in the display, e.g. "3" for
hard.
IV (very
hard)
>21 °dH
(above 3.8
mmol/l)
^ Confirm your selection by pressing
the function selector.
"P 3" will appear in the display.
Proceed as follows:
^ Press the function selector until the
Before you begin, ensure that the
display goes out.
appliance is switched off.
14
Before using for the first time
Cleaning and heating up for
the first time
Now fill the water container with mains
tap water (see "Before each use") and
then run the appliance for 15 minutes at
100°C for 15 minutes. Proceed as
described in "Operation".
Open the door by pressing on the left
hand side of the door release. The door
will open slightly.
This process flushes out the waterways
and sets the appliance for the altitude
in your area.
Take the water container out of the
appliance and remove the insert (see
"Cleaning and care"). Rinse the water
container and the insert thoroughly by
hand using hot water. Do not use any
washing-up liquid or detergent.
If you move house, the appliance will
need to be re-set for the new altitude if
this differs from the old one by more
than 300 m. To do this, descale the
appliance (see "Cleaning and care").
Do not clean the water container or
the insert in a dishwasher. Do not
immerse the water container in
water.
Warning! A lot of steam will be emitted
from the appliance the first time it is
used, and the first time it is descaled
after moving house.
Take all accessories out of the steam
oven and wash them in a mild solution
of washing-up liquid and hot water or in
the dishwasher (this does not apply to
the water container and insert - see
above).
The interior of the steam oven has been
treated with a conditioning agent before
leaving the factory. To remove this,
clean the cooking compartment with a
mild solution of washing-up liquid and
hot water and then dry thoroughly with
a soft cloth.
15
Operation
Before each use
Operating sequence
^ When using a perforated cooking
container, place the condensate tray
on the floor of the oven to catch any
drips.
To make a selection you turn the
function selector, and to confirm your
selection you press it.
ASwitch the appliance on by pressing
^ Fill the water container.
the function selector.
You do not need to remove the insert.
BConfirm the temperature or change it
and then confirm the change.
Only use mains tap water. Never
use distilled or mineral water.
CSelect and confirm a cooking
duration
The water level must be between the
two markings (min. 0.75 l and max.
1.2 l). These are located inside and
outside the container. On no account
exceed the upper or maximum level
marker. The amount of water required
will vary depending on what you are
cooking.
The steam oven then starts
automatically.
If you do not complete these steps
within 15 minutes, the appliance will
switch itself off.
They are described in more detail on
the following pages.
The maximum quantity of 1.2 litres of
water is sufficient to run the appliance
for approx. 2 hours at 100 °C, providing
the door is not opened.
Using hot water from a kettle will
shorten the heating-up time.
^ Use both hands to carry the water
container. Take care not to let any wa-
ter spill out. Push the water container
into the appliance until it connects.
If the water container is not positioned
correctly, the appliance will not heat up
and after a while F20 will appear in the
display (see "Problem solving guide").
16
Operation
Switching on and setting a
temperature
Recommended temperature
100 °C:
For cooking food which can be cooked
at higher temperatures, such as meat,
vegetables, casseroles, soup and
bakes. Also suitable for reheating food.
^ Switch the appliance on by pressing
the function selector briefly.
"100°C" will appear in the display. "°C"
will start flashing.
85 °C:
For gently cooking more delicate food
such as fish.
60 °C:
For defrosting.
See "Practical tips" and the cookbook
for more cooking tips.
The temperature can be set in 5 °C
steps in a range from 40 °C to 100 °C.
^ Turn the function selector to set the
temperature you want.
^ Confirm your selection by pressing
the function selector.
You can alter the temperature at any
time during operation. Press the
function selector once briefly. The
display will change to the temperature
setting display and "°C" will flash. Set
the temperature as described earlier.
17
Operation
Setting a cooking duration
The charts later in these operating
instructions and the cookery book give
suggested cooking durations for
various types of food. Remember that
the cooking duration is not dependent
on the amount of food, but on the size
of the food. For example, large
potatoes will take longer to cook than
smaller potatoes.
After confirming the temperature, 3
zeros will appear in display and "h" will
start flashing.
To achieve good results using the
durations quoted, please do not cook
quantities of food for more than 6-8
servings. Cooking durations will also
vary depending on the cooking
container used (see "Suitable
containers").
^ Set the required duration, e.g. 20
minutes, by turning the function
selector.
A duration of between 1 minute (0:01)
and 4 hours 59 minutes (4:59) can be
set.
^ Confirm your selection by pressing
the function selector.
You can alter the cooking duration at
any time during operation. Press the
function selector twice. The display will
change to the cooking duration setting
display and "h" will flash. Set the
cooking duration as described earlier.
18
Operation
After starting a programme
and the initial temperature of the food
being cooked.
The appliance will start automatically
after you have confirmed your selection
of the cooking duration. At first you will
hear the fan and then some other
Interrupting a programme
You can interrupt a programme at any
time by opening the door.
noises from the steam generating unit.
During the Heating up phase the
display will show the current
temperature in the cooking
compartment. You can follow the rising
temperature of the cooking
compartment in the temperature
display.
The heating will be switched off and the
cooking duration remaining stored in
memory.
Steam will escape when the door is
opened. Step back from the
appliance and wait until the steam
has dissipated.
When opening the appliance, take
great care that hot water which may
have collected in the drip channel in
the door does not overflow.
When preparing food which has been
refrigerated or frozen, the temperature
in the cooking compartment will fall
initially before starting to rise gradually.
Also when putting the condensate
tray or cooking containers into the
oven or taking them out, take care
not to spill the contents. Do not
come into contact with hot steam
and do not touch the hot oven sides.
Danger of burning and scalding.
When the set temperature is reached,
the display will change to show the
cooking duration. The cooking phase
begins and the duration will start
counting down.
You can continue the programme by
closing the door.
The oven will heat up again and the
display will show the rising temperature
of the cooking compartment. Once the
set temperature has been reached, the
display will change to show the cooking
duration remaining as it counts down.
Please note that the total duration, i.e.
the time between the beginning and
end of a programme, is made up of the
heating-up time and the set cooking
duration added together. The heating
up time and therefore also the total
duration will depend on the quantity
19
Operation
At the end of the cooking
duration
After use
^ Remove the condensate tray and
empty it.
At the end of the set cooking duration,
an audible tone will sound, 3 zeros will
appear and "h" will flash in the display.
^ Remove the water container and
empty it. Push the water container
upwards slightly when removing it
from the appliance.
^ Switch the appliance off by pressing
the function selector.
^ After each use, clean and dry the
whole appliance as described in
"Cleaning and care".
The fan will continue to run for a while
after the oven has been switched off. If
you want to reduce the run-on time, you
can do so by removing the water
container as soon as you have
^ Leave the door open until the
cooking compartment is completely
dry.
switched the appliance off.
Steam will escape when the door is
opened. Step back from the
appliance and wait until the steam
has dissipated.
The appliance is designed in such a
way that there will always be a little
residual water left in the water
container after use. If there is no
residual water, there is something
wrong. Call the Service Department.
When opening the appliance, take
great care that hot water which may
have collected in the drip channel in
the door does not overflow.
Insufficient water
Also when taking the condensate
tray or cooking containers out of the
oven, take care not to spill the
contents. Do not come into contact
with hot steam and do not touch the
hot oven sides. Danger of burning
and scalding.
Insufficient water is indicated in the
display by the flashing p symbol. An
audible tone will also sound during
operation.
^ Check the water level and add water
if necessary.
^ Push the water container into the
appliance until it connects.
^ Close the door.
You can now use the oven as normal.
20
Practical tips
Suitable containers
– More compact dishes such as
casseroles or bakes, or food such as
peas or asparagus spears, which
have little or no space between them
will take longer to cook because the
steam has less space to work in. The
fuller the container, the longer it will
take to cook. It is best to use 2 or 3
shallow containers rather than one
deep one for these types of foods,
and then fill them only 3-5 cm deep.
Cooking times quoted are calculated
on this principle. Deeper dishes will
take longer to cook.
Some stainless steel cooking
containers are supplied with the
appliance. Other containers, in a variety
of sizes, both perforated and solid, are
available as optional extras.
When choosing the most suitable
container for the particular food you are
cooking, please note:
– Use perforated cooking containers
whenever possible, e.g. for cooking
vegetables. The steam can reach the
food from all sides and the food is
cooked evenly.
– To ensure even results when cooking
with more than one container, do not
use more than one gastronorm size
GN 1/2 container.
– With large items of food, such as
whole potatoes, the steam can work
effectively because there are spaces
between the individual pieces into
which the steam can penetrate.This
way a large quantity will take the
same time to cook as a smaller
amount and large, deep containers
can be used. Where possible space
the food out to allow the steam more
room.
– The steam oven is designed to cook
quantities of up to 6-8 portions. Be
careful not to exceed the amounts
quoted.
You will find various tips on how to use
the steam oven in the following sections
or in the cook book.
21
Practical tips
Heat-resistant glass, ceramic,
porcelain, plastic, stainless steel and
enamel dishes are all suitable.
Important:
– Place the container on the rack
supplied.
– Ensure that there is a gap of at least
3 cm between the upper rim of the
container and the top of the cooking
compartment to allow sufficient
steam into the container.
– If using plastic cooking containers,
make sure that they are
heat-resistant to 100 °C and able to
withstand hot steam.
– Food will take considerably longer to
cook than the time quoted if the dish
has thick sides.
22
Practical tips
Steaming
Food
Temperature in °C
Duration in minutes
al dente
well done
Vegetables
Asparagus, green
Baby Carrots (whole)
Beans (french)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
3-5
3-5
3
6-8
6-9
4-5
Beans (runner, sliced)
Beetroot (whole)
Broccoli
2-3
-
4-5
20-30
5-7
4
Brussels sprouts
Cabbage (shredded)
Carrots (stick)
4-6
4-6
1-2
2-3
2
8-10
8-10
3-4
Cauliflower (florets)
Courgettes (sliced)
Fennel (quartered)
Leeks (sliced)
5-7
3
6-8
-
10-14
2-3
Mangetout
2
4
Mushrooms (whole)
Parsnips (halved)
Peas
-
3-4
2-4
2
6-8
4
Peppers (strips)
Potatoes (halved)
Potatoes, new (baby whole)
Spinach (fresh)
2-3
5-6
-
4-5
14-20
14-18
3-4
-
Sugar snap peas
Swede (diced)
2-3
1
4-5
4-6
Sweet potato
1
4-6
Sweetcorn (baby, whole)
Sweetcorn (whole cob)
2
6-8
8-10
20-24
23
Practical tips
Food
Temperature in °C
Duration in minutes
Meat
Beef goulash
Chicken breast
Chicken, whole
Knuckle of pork
Lamb ragout
Turkey escalope
Turkey roulade
Veal escalope
Fish (fresh)
Cod steaks
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
40-50
8-10
50-60
90-95
12-16
4-6
12-15
3-4
100
100
100
100
90*
85
5-6
6-8
Salmon (fillets)
Trout (fillets)
Tuna steak
3-6
6-8
Mussels
10-12
5-7
Plaice, fillet
Monk fish
85
8-10
10-12
Trout, 250 g
90*
Miscellaneous
Blanching vegetables
Disinfecting baby bottles
90*
100
90*
1-2
15
Melting chocolate (use a
cover)
4-10
24
Practical tips
Food
Temperature in °C
Duration in minutes
Dried beans and pulses
Red kidney beans
(pre-soaked)
100
60-65
Chick peas
100
100
100
100
100
100
50-60
9-10
Millet
Pearl Barley
60-80
20-24
10-15
40
Buckwheat
Red split lentils (un-soaked)
Yellow split lentils (pre-soaked)
Rice
White basmati
Brown basmati
Long grain
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
8-10
15-20
10-12
12-16
50-60
10-12
16-20
20
Brown
Wild
Thai fragrant / Jasmine
Risotto / Arborio
Mixed basmati and wild rice
Eggs
Soft boiled
100
100
100
3-4
5-6
Medium boiled
Hard boiled
8-10
Fruit
Cooking apples (sliced)
Apples (sauce)
Peaches (halved)
100
100
100
1-2
4-6
4-6
25
Practical tips
Tips on steaming
– Frozen fish should be partially
defrosted before cooking. We
recommend using the "Defrost"
temperature of 60°C (see "Defrosting"
for more information).
– In general, the cooking durations for
cooking with steam are the same as
for cooking food in a saucepan.
– Steam prevents food from drying out
so it remains moist, and juices are
not lost. This applies to a wide variety
of food, including dumplings, steam
puddings, fish and meat dishes, as
well as vegetables.
– Cooking with steam retains the true
taste of the food better than
conventional cooking. Therefore food
should not be seasoned until after it
has been cooked.
– Only fill solid containers 3/4 full with
liquid.
– You can select any shelf level. You
can also cook on several levels at
the same time. This will not alter the
cooking duration.
– Dried foods like pasta and rice must
be cooked in liquid. Pasta should be
well covered with liquid. With pulses,
grains, parboiled rice, basmati rice
and wild rice, the proportion of food
to liquid should be 1:1, with brown
rice 1:1.5 and risotto rice 1:2.
– Food does not brown or get crisp
from over-cooking. It is gently
steamed, and not roasted or baked.
Cheese melts perfectly without
getting burnt. It is a healthy way of
cooking, and it brings out the distinct – When cooking noodles, follow the
flavour of the food.
manufacturer's instructions on the
packaging regarding cooking
duration.
– When cooking frozen food, e.g.
vegetables, ensure that any large
clumps frozen together are broken
up first so that they cook evenly. The
cooking duration is approximately
the same as for fresh vegetables.
– Cooking liquids do not boil away.
They are either absorbed by the
food, as with rice and pasta, or they
remain in the dish to form a sauce,
as with casseroles. The sauce can
then be thickened or added to after
cooking.
– Frozen and fresh vegetables which
take the same length of time to cook
can be cooked together.
– You can thicken sauces in the steam
oven by adding flour and butter to
liquid (40 g flour and 40 g butter to
0.5 litres liquid).
26
Practical tips
– Grease perforated containers
beforehand if using them to cook
fish, and solid containers if using to
cook dishes containing eggs.
– Yeast dough can be put in the oven
to rise. Cover the dough.
– When cooking fish or food with a
distinctive colour (e.g. spinach) in a
perforated container, place the
container directly above the
condensate tray to avoid any transfer
of tastes or colour to other food.
27
Practical tips
Reheating
Your steam oven is very effective at
reheating dishes which have been
prepared previously.
Food to be reheated
Duration in
minutes
Vegetables
Proceed as follows:
Cauliflower, runner beans
Carrots, kohlrabi
Side dishes
2
2
^ Place the food on a flat plate and
cover it with a deeper plate or some
heat-resistant foil.
Dumplings, potatoes
(halved)
3-4
2-3
^ Select and confirm a temperature of
100 °C.
Pasta, rice
^ Set the duration (see chart).
Meat and poultry
Sliced meat
1.5 cm thick
3-5
Useful tip:
Stew
3-5
3-5
3-5
3-5
If sauces are to be served separately,
reheat them in a covered dish on their
own.
Chicken schnitzel
Meatballs in sauce
Sliced roulade
Fish
Fish fillet
2-3
2-3
Fish roulade, halved
Plated meals
Chicken fricassee with rice
3-5
3-4
Roast pork with potatoes
and vegetables
Spaghetti with tomato sauce
Soups/casseroles
Casseroles
2-3
4-5
2-3
Soup
28
Practical tips
Defrosting
Food to be defrosted
Weight in g
Temp.
in °C
Defrosting
duration
Standing time
in minutes
in minutes
Meat
Stew
500
250
800
60
50
60
30-40
15-20
25-35
10-15
10-15
15-20
Minced meat
Cutlets, chops, sausages
Poultry
Chicken
1000
150
60
60
60
40
15-20
10-15
10-15
Chicken drumsticks
Chicken schnitzel
Fish, seafood
Fish fillets
20-25
25-30
500
400
300
60
60
15
10-15
5
Prawns
4-6
Vegetables
Frozen in a block
Frozen in small portions
Fruit
300
350
60
60
20-25
15
10-15
8-10
Apple sauce/stewed apples
Strawberries/raspberries
Dairy products
Cheese
250
300
60
60
20-25
8-10
10-15
10-12
100
250
60
60
15
10-15
10-15
Cream
20-25
Baking
Puff pastries
Yeast buns
-
60
60
10-12
10-12
10-15
6-7
10-15
10-15
10-15
1-2
-
250
-
Bread
100
100
Bread rolls
29
Practical tips
Frozen food can be defrosted in this
appliance in much less time than when
defrosting at room temperature.
– Fish does not need to be fully
defrosted before cooking. Defrost so
that the surface is sufficiently thawed
to take herbs and seasoning.
Depending on the thickness of the
fish, 2 - 5 minutes at 60 °C should be
enough.
Proceed as follows:
^ Place the food in a suitable container
or on the rack.
– When defrosting food which has
frozen together, e.g. berries, chops,
fish fillets etc separate or break it up
about half-way through the defrosting
time.
^ Select the temperature (see chart).
^ Select the defrost duration (see
chart).
Tips on defrosting
– Allow food to stand at room
temperature at the end of defrosting.
This standing time (see chart) is
necessary to ensure that the food is
fully defrosted right through to the
core.
– All meat and poultry should be fully
defrosted before cooking. When
defrosting meat or poultry place the
condensate tray underneath the rack
to catch the defrosted liquid, so that
the meat is not lying in this liquid.
– Do not refreeze food once it has
thawed.
It is particularly important to observe
food hygiene rules when defrosting
poultry. Do not use the liquid from
defrosted poultry. Pour it away and
wash the tray, the sink and your
hands. Danger of salmonella
poisoning!
– Defrost frozen pre-cooked meals
according to the manufacturer's
instructions.
– Defrost baked goods in a sealed
freezer bag.
– Food which does not drip can be
placed on the rack or in a dish once
the wrapping has been removed.
30
Practical tips
Bottling
Proceed as follows:
^ Place the condensate tray on the
floor of the cooking compartment and
place the rack on top of the
condensate tray.
Produce
Temp.
in °C
Duration
in
minutes*
Obst
^ Place a maximum of 4 prepared jars
(all the same size) on the rack,
ensuring that they do not touch one
another. This allows the hot steam to
surround the jars on all sides.
Apples
90
90
50
65
Apple
sauce/stewed
apples
^ Select the temperature (see chart).
Red /
Blackcurrants
80
50
^ Set the duration (see chart).
^ Make use of residual heat by leaving
the jars in the oven for 30 minutes
after it has switched off.
Gooseberries
80
85
55
55
Fruit with
stones
^ Cover the jars with a cloth and allow
to cool for approx. 24 hours.
Vegetables
Beans
100
90
120
55
Gherkins
* The durations quoted are for 1.0 litre
jars. If using 0.5 litre jars reduce the
duration by about 15 minutes. If using
0.25 litre jars reduce the duration by
about 20 minutes.
31
Practical tips
Cooking whole meals
^ First place the dish with the longest
cooking time, i.e. the rice, in the
oven.
It is very economical and practical to
cook a whole meal at the same time in
the steam oven.
^ Select and confirm a temperature of
100 °C.
Proceed as follows:
^ Calculate the initial cooking duration
by subtracting the cooking duration
for the fish from the duration for the
rice, i.e. 20 minutes less 6 minutes =
14 minutes.
^ Place cooking containers on different
levels or place them side by side or
one on top of the other on the rack.
In general, cooking durations will vary
according to the type of food. This
means that you will need to open the
steam oven at different times to add a
particular dish. See example below:
^ After 14 minutes, place the fish in the
oven.
^ To calculate the next cooking
duration subtract the time for the
broccoli from the time for the fish:
6 - 4 = 2. Set a duration of 2 minutes
and confirm your selection.
Rice
Fish fillet
Broccoli
20 minutes
6 minutes
4 minutes
^ After 2 minutes, place the third dish
(broccoli) in the oven.
^ Set the cooking duration for the
broccoli, 4 minutes and confirm your
selection.
At the end of the cooking duration you
can remove all three dishes at the same
time.
32
Practical tips
Blanching
Preparing yoghurt
You can use your steam oven to blanch
vegetables and fruit for freezing.
Proceed as follows:
^ Mix 100 g yoghurt (with live culture)
with 1 litre of fresh milk. The yoghurt
and milk should have the same
percentage fat content.
If using unpasteurised milk you will
need to heat it up to 90 °C (do not
boil) and then leave it to cool.
Proceed as follows:
^ Put the prepared vegetables/fruit
(cleaned, washed, chopped etc.) into
a perforated cooking container.
^ Select and confirm a temperature of
100 °C.
Otherwise the yoghurt will not set.
^ Set and confirm a duration of 1
minute.
^ Pour this milk mixture into 6 or 7
portion sized glass dishes and cover
with heat resistant cling film.
Special yoghurt jars may also be
used.
^ Once blanched, plunge the
vegetables/fruit into ice cold water to
cool them down quickly. Drain them
well.
^ Place the covered dishes on the
rack.
The vegetables/fruit can now be frozen.
^ Reduce the temperature to 40 °C and
confirm your selection.
^ Set a maximum duration of 4 hours
and 59 minutes.
^ Allow the yoghurt to cool and then
place in the refrigerator.
It will not achieve its maximum set until
it has been thoroughly chilled.
33
Practical tips
Disinfecting baby bottles
Proceed as follows:
The steam oven can be used to
disinfect baby bottles and other
containers. Check beforehand that all
parts, teats etc., are declared by the
manufacturer to be heat-resistant to
100 °C.
^ Place the condensate tray on the
floor of the cooking compartment and
place the rack on top of the
condensate tray.
^ Dismantle, clean and thoroughly
rinse the bottles and space the
individual parts out on the rack,
ensuring that they do not touch one
another. This allows the hot steam to
reach them from all sides.
^ Select and confirm a temperature of
100 °C.
^ Set and confirm a duration of at least
15 minutes.
^ Dry thoroughly using a fresh, clean
tea towel after disinfection. All parts
of the bottles must be completely dry
before they are reassembled to keep
them germ free.
34
Cleaning and care
General notes
Appliance front and housing
Disconnect the appliance from the
electricity supply and allow it to cool
down to a safe temperature before
cleaning. Clean the whole appliance
and then dry it thoroughly after each
use.
The appliance front and controls and
the housing can be cleaned using a
Miele E-Cloth, or a mild solution of hot
water with a little washing-up liquid
applied with a damp cloth. Wipe the
surfaces dry using a soft cloth.
Make sure the appliance is completely
dry before closing the door.
Glas
For appliances with glass fronts, a
proprietary glass cleaning agent may
be used.
Do not use a steam cleaner to clean
this appliance. The steam could
reach electrical components and
cause a short circuit. Pressurised
steam could also cause permanent
damage to the surface and to
Stainless steel
Stainless steel surfaces can be cleaned
using a Miele E-Cloth or with a
proprietary non-abrasive cleaning
agent designed specifically for use on
stainless steel.
components, for which the
manufacturer cannot accept liability.
Do not use cleaners containing
alkalines, soda, acids or chlorides,
oven sprays, dishwasher cleaner or
abrasive cleaning agents, hard
brushes, scouring pads and cloths
or steel wool. You should also avoid
using sponges etc. which have
previously been used with abrasive
cleaning agents, as these would
damage the surface.
To help prevent resoiling, a conditioning
agent for stainless steel can also be
used.
Follow the manufacturer's instructions.
See "Optional accessories" for details
of accessories for cleaning and care.
Do not use commercial cleaning
agents. Only use agents designed
for domestic use.
Do not use cleaning agents or
washing-up liquids containing
aliphatics as these could cause the
seals to swell.
35
Cleaning and care
Oven interior
Condensate tray, rack and
cooking containers
Dry the oven interior, oven interior roof,
door seal, drip channel, inside of the
door and the compartment for the water
container after each use. Use a sponge
or absorbent cloth to wipe off the
The condensate tray, rack and cooking
containers should be washed and dried
each time they are used.
They are all dishwasher safe.
condensate which has built up.
Remove grease deposits with a mild
solution of washing up liquid and warm
water and wipe with clean water.
Over time, the floor heater can become
discoloured by drops of liquid. This
discolouration is easy to remove with a
proprietary cleaner for ceramic
surfaces (see "Optional accessories").
Follow the manufacturer's instructions.
After cleaning, wipe the suraface with a
damp cloth to remove any cleaning
agent residues.
The door seal can become porous and
brittle over time. If this is the case, it
should be replaced with a new seal.
Door seals can be ordered from the
Miele Spare Parts Department. See
back page for contact details.
36
Cleaning and care
Water container
^ After cleaning, dry both parts of the
insert thoroughly before replacing it
in the water container. When
replacing the insert (see illustration),
guide it in at an angle a and push
the side with the opening downwards
b.
Remove, empty and dry the water
container after each use. Also remove
the insert from the water container.
^ Release the insert by pushing the
catches on the sides in towards each
other and then pull it out of the
container.
a
b
Do not immerse the water container
in water or clean it in a dishwasher.
It is important to empty the water
container after each use for hygiene
reasons, and also to prevent
condensate building up in the
appliance.
Do not use scouring pads or hard
brushes.
37
Cleaning and care
Coupling seal
The coupling seal should be replaced
with a new one if it becomes brittle or
porous over time or if an unusually
large amount of water collects on the
floor of the water container
compartment.
Coupling seals can be ordered from the
Miele Spare Parts Department. See
back page for contact details.
Only use the silicone grease
supplied. On no account must
margarine or oil or any other
domestic grease or fat be used, as
these can cause the seal to swell.
The coupling seal needs to be
lubricated regularly. If the water
container becomes difficult to remove
and replace or the fault message F20
appears, rub a small amount of the
silicone grease supplied (see
"Accessories supplied") into the inside
of the coupling seal. When doing this,
do not detach the seal but leave it in
place.
When handling silicone grease, please
observe the following safety measures:
– Remove any silicone grease from
your skin either by wiping it off or by
washing it off.
– If the grease gets into the eyes it
must be rinsed out with plenty of
clean water.
– If it is swallowed, seek medical
advice.
38
Cleaning and care
Descaling
An audible tone will sound and "0:22 h"
will appear in the display and the k
symbol will start flashing.
Use the descaling tablets supplied
with the appliance (see "Optional
accessories" for reordering details.)
or a proprietary citric acid based
descaling agent to descale the
appliance. Follow the manufacturer's
instructions on the packaging.
Proceed as follows:
The water container will need descaling
after a certain number of operating
hours. The display will alert you when
this needs done. After switching on, the
descaling symbol k and the number 10
will appear in the display.
^ Fill the water container with 1 litre of
descaling solution. To make the
solution, use cold water and
descaling tablets, as instructed on
the packet, or the appropriate
amount of citric acid based
household descaling agent.
^ Push the water container into the
appliance until it connects.
^ Press the function selector.
The number indicates that the
appliance can be used a further 10
times before it locks out. If the
appliance is not descaled immediately,
a 9 will appear in the display the next
time the appliance is switched on, and
so on.
Descaling will now begin. The colon will
flash and the k symbol will now light
up constantly in the display.
The appliance will then lock and it must
be descaled before it can be used
again.
It is only possible to cancel the
descaling process during the first
minute. After that the process cannot
be cancelled.
You can start the descaling programme
manually before the appliance locks
out, by pressing the function selector
for 4 seconds with the appliance
switched off.
Important: Do not press the function
selector during the descaling
process. If it is pressed before the
end of the process, the whole
process will have to be started from
the beginning again.
39
Cleaning and care
An audible tone will sound and the p
symbol will start flashing ten minutes
before the end of the descaling
process. The water container needs to
be filled with fresh water.
After descaling:
An audible tone will sound when the
descaling process has been
completed.
^ Open the door.
^ Remove the water container and
empty it.
^ Switch the appliance off, and then
dry it thoroughly.
^ Remove the water container and
empty it. Remove the insert.
^ Rinse the water container and the
insert thoroughly.
^ Replace the insert and fill the water
container with 1 litre of water. Push
the water container into the appliance
until it connects.
^ Now press the function selector to
continue the descaling process.
40
Programming
The standard settings listed in the chart can be altered. Several settings can be
altered in succession.
Programme
Display
OFF
Setting
P 1 Demo-mode
the appliance will heat up
ON
the appliance will not heat
up
P 2 Audible tone volume
S1 to S4 The higher the number, the
louder the audible tone
P 3 Water hardness
1
2
3
4
Soft
Medium
Hard
Very hard
* The factory default settings are shown in bold.
Proceed as follows:
Before you begin, ensure that the
appliance is switched off.
^ Then turn the function selector until
^ Press the function selector gently in
the setting you want appears.
and turn it anti-clockwise slightly.
^ Confirm your selection by pressing
^ Then release the function selector.
the function selector.
"P1" will appear in the display.
^ After you have altered the settings,
press the function selector until the
display goes out.
^ Turn the function selector until the
programme you want to alter
appears.
^ Confirm your selection by pressing
the function selector.
41
Problem solving guide
... the appliance does not heat up.
Installation work and repairs to
electrical components of this
appliance must only be carried out
by a suitably qualified and
Check whether you set the demo mode
setting by mistake (see "Programming").
competent person in accordance
with current local and national safety
regulations. Repairs and other work
by unqualified persons could be
dangerous. The manufacturer
cannot be held liable for
... the water container has become
harder to put into the appliance and
take out again.
Lightly lubricate the coupling seal on
the water container with silicone
grease, as described in "Coupling
seal".
unauthorised work.
What to do if, ...
... the fan can still be heard after the
appliance has been switched off.
... the heating up phase lasts an
unusually long time.
The appliance is fitted with a fan which
removes steam from the oven.
The fan will continue to run for a while
after the appliance has been switched
off.
Check the bottom of the water
container.
If a thick layer of limescale has built-up,
check the water hardness level that has
been set. Set the correct water
hardness level for your water supply
(see "Setting the water hardness level"),
and descale the appliance as
described in "Descaling".
... you cannot switch the appliance
on.
Check that the appliance is switched
on at the socket or whether the mains
fuse has blown.
If the water hardness level was in fact
set correctly or the problem occurs
again, contact the Service Department.
If this is not the case, then disconnect
the appliance from the electricity
supply for approx. 1 minute. To do this:
– switch off at the wall socket and
withdraw the plug or
– withdraw the mains fuse.
Reconnect to the mains supply and
switch the appliance on. If it still will not
start, contact a qualified electrician or
the Miele Service Department.
42
Problem solving guide
... after moving house the appliance
no longer switches from the heating
up phase to the cooking phase.
... when the appliance is switched on,
the k symbol and a number between
1 and 10 or
"0:22h" appear in the display and the
k symbol flashes.
Altitude affects the boiling point of wa-
ter. The appliance must be re-set to
take into account the different water
boiling point in its new location (see
"Cleaning and heating up for the first
time".)
The appliance needs to be descaled.
Proceed as described in "Descaling" in
"Cleaning and care".
... F05 or F06 appears in the display.
... during operation an unusually
large amount of steam escapes or
steam escapes from parts of the
steam oven where it does not
usually.
Switch the appliance off and call the
Service Department.
... F20 appears in the display.
The appliance does not heat up.
Check whether
– First of all, check whether the water
container has been pushed right into
the appliance so that it connects.
Then switch the appliance off and
then back on again.
– the door is closed properly.
– the door seal is fitted correctly. If
necessary, press it in all the way
round the door to make sure it is
fitted evenly.
– If the fault occurs again, lightly
lubricate the coupling seal on the
water container with silicone grease,
as described in "Coupling seal".
– the door seal is damaged, e.g.
cracks can be seen. The seal must
be replaced with a new one.
If this does not solve the problem, call
the Miele Service Department.
If the appliance still will not start, switch
it off and contact the Miele Service
Department.
... the p symbol appears in the
display and an audible tone may
sound.
... after a period of time, the door
makes a noise when it is opened and
closed.
Check whether
Lubricate the hinges with the silicone
grease supplied.
– the water container has been pushed
right into the appliance so that it
connects.
– there is sufficient water in the water
container. The water level must be
between the two markings.
43
After sales service, data plate
In the event of any faults which you cannot remedy yourself, please contact:
– your Miele dealer, or
– the Miele Service Department (see address on back cover).
When contacting your Dealer or the Service Department, please quote the model
and serial number of your appliance. These are on the data plate.
Please note that telephone calls may be monitored and recorded for training
purposes
Space in which to stick the extra data plate supplied with the appliance. Ensure
that the model number is the same as the one on the front of these operating
instructions.
44
Electrical connection
Connection should be made via a
suitable isolator or a double pole fused
spur connection unit or fused plug and
switched socket which complies with
national and local safety regulations
and the on/off switch should be easily
accessible after the appliance has
been built in.
All electrical work should be carried
out by a suitably qualified and
competent person, in strict
accordance with current local and
national safety regulations (BS 7671
in the UK).
Installation, repairs and other work
by unqualified persons could be
dangerous. The manufacturer
cannot be held liable for
If the switch is not accessible after
installation (depending on country) an
additional means of disconnection must
be provided for all poles.
unauthorised work.
For extra safety it is advisable to install
a residual current device (RCD), with a
trip current of 30 mA.
Ensure power is not supplied to the
appliance until after installation work
has been carried out.
When switched off there must be an
all-pole contact gap of 3 mm in the
isolator switch (including switch, fuses
and relays).
The appliance must only be
operated when built-in. This is to
ensure that all electrical parts are
shielded. Live parts must not be
exposed.
Important U.K.
Do not connect the appliance to the
mains electricity supply via an
extension lead. These do not
guarantee the required safety of the
appliance.
This appliance is supplied for
connection to a single phase 230-240 V
50 Hz supply with a 3-core cable.
The wires in the mains lead are
coloured in accordance with the
following code:
Please ensure that the connection data
quoted on the data plate match the
household mains supply.
Green/yellow = earth
Blue = neutral
Brown = live
WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE
MUST BE EARTHED
45
Electrical connection
Non-rewireable plugs BS 1363
Important
The fuse cover must be refitted when
The electrical safety of this appliance
changing the fuse, and if the fuse cover can only be guaranteed when
is lost, the plug must not be used until a continuity is complete between the
suitable replacement is obtained. The
appliance and an effective earthing
colour of the correct replacement cover system, which complies with local and
is that of the coloured insert in the base national regulations. It is most important
of the plug, or the colour that is
embossed in words on the base of the
plug (as applicable to the design of
plug fitted).
that this basic safety requirement is
tested regularly and where there is any
doubt the household wiring should be
inspected by a qualified electrician.
The manufacturer cannot be held liable
for the consequences of an inadequate
earthing system such as electric shock.
Replacement fuses should be ASTA
approved to BS 1362 and have the
correct rating. Replacement fuses and
fuse covers may be purchased from
your local electrical supplier.
The manufacturer cannot be held
liable for damage caused by
incorrect installation or connection.
46
Technical data
This appliance is supplied with a mains cable and moulded plug ready for
connection to an a.c. single phase 230-240 V 50 Hz supply.
Dimensions (H x W x D):
- Appliance
- Cooking compartment
see illustration
24.0 x 33.5 x 27.5 cm
Weight: 19.3 kg
Test certificate awarded: VDE
aInlet for mains connection cable to the appliance
47
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